Evaluation of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Tertiary Care Hospital in Jakarta Indonesia

A cross sectional study was conducted at department of surgery of Dr. Mintohardjo Navy Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, in order to
evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis administration before surgery and the occurrence of surgical site infection. The
data were collected retrospectively from the medical record of all patients who underwent surgery during January to December 2012. The assessment of appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis was carried out based on the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines and The National Guidelines of Antibiotic Usage in Indonesia, including the selection, timing and duration of antibiotic prophylaxis administration. A total of 161 patients were included in the study, consisted of 40 patients (24.85%) males and 121 (75.15%) women. The age ranges of patients were less than 20 years was 3.62%; 20-39 years was 27.88%; 40-59 years was 44.72%; and more than 60 years was 13.66%. The mostfrequent surgeries performed was exploratory laparotomy 25.46%, followed by cholecystectomy 24.22%, ovarian cystectomy 21.74%, and myomectomy 20.49%. All patients (100%) received prophylactic antibiotics before surgery. The prophylactic antibiotics administrated were the combination of ampicillin and gentamicin, which is 31.5%, Seftriaxon (26.08%), cefotaxime (21.11%), seftriaxon + gentamicin (10:55%), meropenem (5%) and ciprofloxacin 0.62%. Of 161 patients 34 patients were develop surgical site infections (21.11%). The adherence to guidelines of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis was still very poor. Therefore it is necessary to increase compliance with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in order to reduce the risk of surgical site infection.