Role of Cigarette Smoking on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Parameters in Iron Deficiency Anemic Individuals

Background
Cigarette smoking is a public health problem throughout the globe. Smoking is known to affect hemoglobin levels. Stress caused by
cigarette smoke is known to cause serious diseases like cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, impairs immune system, stroke, irritable
bowel syndrome, ulcer, etc. Iron deficiency is one of the most widespread nutritional deficiencies in the world.
Objectives
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of stress induced by cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant
parameters in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
Methods
The case-control study included sixty tobacco smoking iron deficient anemic patients and sixty healthy volunteers. The stress
parameter was assessed by the determination of malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic
antioxidants were assessed for total antioxidant status. An independent t-test was carried out to study the statistical significance and
the level of significance was p<0.05.
Results
We found statistically increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidants status, thus increasing the oxidative stress in smoking
individuals. The present study showed that tobacco smoking is associated with increased oxidative stress, deteriorating the anemic
condition.
Conclusion
Smoking is associated with the generation of increased free radical species which reduces the scavenging power of the antioxidants.