The Role of Physical Activity and Exercise Pattern in Type 2 Diabetes

Life style changes that include a nutritionally balanced diet and increased physical activity(PA) are effective intervention options for persons with pre-diabetes who want to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre diabetic conditions such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are rapidly increasing in prevalence. There is compelling evidence that T2DM is more likely to develop in individuals who are insufficiently active, exercise training, often in combination with other life style strategies, his beneficial effects on preventing the out of T2DM and improving glycemic control in those with pre-diabetes. In addition, exercise training improves cardiovascular risk profile, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, all strongly related to better health outcomes. Increased physical activity may also help to prevent or delay the onset of harmful conditions. This review examines the evidence and possible mechanism of type 2 diabetes by which physical activity produces these benefits, and gives a brief review on physical activity and exercise pattern.